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Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a nerve condition that causes sudden, severe facial pain. The trigeminal nerve carries sensation from your face to the brain. In trigeminal neuralgia, small triggers cause brief bursts of electric-like pain on one side of the face. Attacks may come in clusters and can be frightening, though they do not cause loss of awareness.

Common Symptoms

Very sharp, stabbing or electric-shock type pain on one side of the face
Pain triggered by light touch, chewing, shaving, brushing teeth, or talking
Short attacks lasting seconds to a few minutes, often repeating in a series
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Pain most often affects the cheek, jaw, teeth or around the eye
Periods of pain-free time between attacks
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First-Aid Tips

Tip 1:

Sit quietly and avoid touching the painful area.

Tip 2:

Do not apply pressure or massage the spot during an attack.

Tip 3:

If you already have prescribed medication, take it as directed.

Tip 4:

Seek emergency care if facial weakness, numbness, or trouble speaking occurs, as this can signal a different problem.

When to Consult a Doctor

See a neurologist if you have sudden, intense facial pain, if attacks increase in frequency or severity, or if over-the-counter pain relief does not help. Early specialist assessment can confirm the diagnosis and recommend medicines or procedures that reduce attacks and improve daily life.